PCIe, or Peripheral Component Interconnect Express, is a standard for connecting high-speed components within a computer. It has evolved through several generations, each offering increased speed and efficiency. The latest version, PCIe 5.0, can achieve speeds up to 32 GT/s per lane, doubling the bandwidth with each new generation. PCIe slots on motherboards allow for the addition of various components such as GPUs, SSDs, and network cards. The interface operates on a point-to-point topology with lanes that provide dedicated connections for data transfer, ensuring high performance and reduced latency. PCIe is essential in modern computing for its ability to support the rapid data transfer demands of today’s applications, from gaming to data centers, making it a cornerstone of system architecture.